as family and household - 2649 Words

If the family exists (as Murdock says it does universally), then it must be performing some function(s) or fulfilling some purpose(s). A number of functionalist sociologists have presented accounts of the way in which this happens. GP Murdock Four essential functions of the family Murdock argues that the family is a universal institution (it exists everywhere) that performs four major functions Stable satisfaction of the sex drive with the same partner, preventing the social disruption caused by sexual free-for-all. Reproduction of the next generation, without which society would not be able to continue. Socialisation of the young into societys shared norms and values. Meeting its members economic needs, such as shelter and food. Talcott†¦show more content†¦The ideological state apparatus control at the level of consciousness the socialisation of norms and values that maintain the status quo, through religion, the media and so on. These two mechanisms form a web or comple x pattern of interrelationships controlling the individual through physical force or ideology. This distinction reflects the ideas of Gramsci (1971), who claims that ideological control is more secure than repressive control in the long term, but if ideology breaks down then repression will be resorted to as capitalisms last hope. The family can be seen as serving the functions of an ideological state apparatus by socialising both pro-capitalist ideology and its own familiar ideology in order to maintain such family patterns over time. For example the family socialises its members into accepting gender roles, into accepting that it is natural for men and women to get married and engage in separate roles and jobs in the home an attitude that is passed down from generation to generation. For feminists such a family ideology supports patriarchy since it suggests that men and women should have different roles in the family and society roles that lead to the subordination of women to me n. Evaluation of the Marxist approach Marxist views of the family follow logically from Marxist theory. If, for example, the family provides emotional support for workers, then this helps them to accept the injustices of the capitalist system.Show MoreRelatedFamily and Household2017 Words   |  9 Pagesthe subject which looks at the social world around us, how the social world works and how it effects and influences our daily lives. People tend to accept the social arrangements in which they grew up as normal or too complicated to understand. The family is the natural way to bring up children and schools are the normal places for children to learn. For most people the social world is just there, challenging their lives, they cannot change it and it is not really worth while trying to understand itRead More Family and Household Essay973 Words   |  4 Pages Family and Household nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The word family comes from the Latin word familia which means household. This seems to be fitting since they both seem synonymous. In the dictionary the definition of family is a group of individuals living under one roof and usually under one head or a group of persons of common ancestry. The definition of household is those who dwell under the same roof and compose a family or a social unit comprised of those living together in the same dwellingRead MoreMy Family, The, And Conservative Household1040 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many factors that point to me being raised in a stereotypical, white, and conservative household. My family is moderately wealthy, we are republicans, live in the suburbs, and are extremely close. The only thing that separated us from the conventional white upper middle class family was that my parents raised me to purely believe in science. If it wasn’t proven by tests and observations it wasn’t real. We would judg e those who believed in some higher being that magically brought the worldRead MoreFamilies and Household By Atis Stafeckis Essay1198 Words   |  5 PagesFamilies and Household By Atis Stafeckis The role of the family within our society has always been hard to explain. Functionalist theorists like George Murdock (1949) and Talcott Parsons (1959) considers the family a mechanism that exists to complement societal needs for new generations with identical norms and values. Marxists like Engels and Zeretsky have a narrower viewpoint on the family in terms of societal use. They consider the family to be a more oppressive force that teaches the young aboutRead MoreEssay about Family and Household Tasks1562 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction According to Wikipedia.com, in human context, a family (from Latin: familia) is a group of people affiliated by consanguinity, affinity, or co-residence. In most societies it is the principal institution for the socialization of children. Extended from the human family unit by biological-cultural affinity, marriage, economy, culture, tradition, honour, and friendship are concepts of family that are physical and metaphorical, or that grow increasingly inclusive extending to communityRead MoreComparison of the Roles of Families and Households in Politics1122 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction to Political Theory A Comparison of the Roles of Families and Households in Politics Plato and Aristotle number among the greatest philosophers throughout history. Plato wrote the Republic to explore the idea of justice and whether or not the â€Å"just† man could be happier than the â€Å"unjust† man could. Plato cycles through many theories and ideas by creating an imaginary city to illustrate many of his ideas. Aristotle wrote Politics intending to guide and influence rulers and statesmenRead MoreDomestic Violence Is The Violent Confrontation Within A Family Household1195 Words   |  5 PagesValentina Marmol Women’s Literature Ms. Bruno 6 June 2016 Domestic Violence Domestic violence is the violent confrontation within a family household including physical abuse or sexual assault. This assault usually occurs in former spouses or relationships. Approximately four million women have faced sexual assault from a significant other in our world today. Even though domestic violence is defined as the physical abuse inflicted by someone onto another individual, but it also relatesRead MoreA Study Of The Economic Forecasting Of New One Family Households1758 Words   |  8 PagesA STUDY OF THE ECONOMIC FORECASTING OF NEW ONE FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS SOLD IN THE US – AN ANALYSIS Context and Objective of the Analysis The US housing industry has witnessed a downward trend post 2005 due to deteriorating macroeconomic conditions in the United States. The steep decline in the last 5 years has led to investigations on the future of the industry and understands the way forward for the industry. The report answers the following questions: How long is the fall in the industry going toRead MoreExamine the Reasons for the Increase in Uk Family and Household Diversity in the Last 40 Years2165 Words   |  9 Pages. Examine the reasons for the increase in family and household diversity in the last 40 years (24 marks, 10 A01, 14 A02) Family and household diversity is the change in patterns among the various family and household types that exist because of factors such as secularisation, changes to legislation, changes in womens position, changing attitudes In the past 40 years the family structure within the UK has changed quite dramaticallyRead MoreThe Importance Of A Family Of Four Household Budgets On A Two Person New Mexico Minimum Wage1446 Words   |  6 Pagesto manage a family of four household budgets on a two-person New Mexico minimum wage income of $7.50 per hour. My paper has many purposes as to why I have written it, which will be listed and further explained throughout its entirety. The first purpose is to demonstrate the ways individuals have to seek out in both creating and maintaining a family budget. Secondly, is to show the difficulties that arise in keeping family household budgets and the temporary or permanent ways families find and have

The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain - 1381 Words

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a fictitious novel written by Mark Twain, and is commonly referred to as one of the Great American novels. The story is told from the perspective of Huckleberry Finn. â€Å"Huck† is a teenage boy, who was raised by his abusive father and is portrayed as a social misfit. Jim, who is a liberated slave, becomes Huck’s good friend, and together they experience many exhilarant adventures. The story starts out in St. Petersburg, Missouri, which is positioned on the banks of the Mississippi River. Much of this novel could be interpreted in different ways and from more than one perspective. One factor in the novel that can be interpreted differently is the way that Huck handles certain situations and whether†¦show more content†¦He also believed it was a smart idea not to tell Jim about their deception, and even defended the two to prevent Jim from finding out once he began to question them. One could believe that this was an astute idea due to the fact that the two men were possibly treacherous, so their seemingly ignorance would keep them safe for the time being. Someone else could believe that calling the two men out on their lies, or at least telling Jim the truth, would have made their situation easier because they would not have had to give the two special treatment, or the two may have simply lost interest and left. Huck’s decision resulted in a difficult situation for himself and Jim. Huck and Jim attempted to get away from the two men a few times, but they all floundered until the two deceivers were held captive in an angry town in which the y had scammed many people. Another questionable decision that Huck made was when he was mistaken for Tom Sawyer by Tom’s aunt and uncle. Huck decided to lie to them so they would trust him. One may argue that Huck’s idea was not smart because he had to lie, and if he had not found Tom Sawyer in the town before he got to the house, he would have been in a lot of trouble. Someone else may believe that the decision was smart, so that he could quickly gain their trust and try to save Jim. One other applicable situation is when Huck decides to let Tom create the plans to help Jim escape and goes along with them

An Annotated Bibliography on Multi-cultural Education Free Essays

Mary Stone Hanley, a teacher in the Teacher Certification Program of Antioch University in Seattle, explains and elaborates some of the issues concerning multicultural education and gives a brief history of the subject as well as a few suggestions for its improvement in â€Å"The Scope of Multicultural Education†. She explains the ideals and goals of a multicultural approach to education and the possible ways of achieving them through citations of works from other people and of course, from herself.   The main targets of her article are the teachers concerned in teaching multicultural groups of students. We will write a custom essay sample on An Annotated Bibliography on Multi-cultural Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now Her article can also be used to inform other people about the subject of multicultural education. She is still continuing further researches for the development of multicultural education. John Morefield. â€Å"Recreating Schools For All Children.† New Horizons for Learning. John Morefield conducted extensive researches for the availability of good education for â€Å"all† children. When he became the principal of Hawthorne Elementary School in Seattle, Washington, he promised the community that entering kindergartners would graduate with skills at or above expected grade level competency. Thus his researches on what works in diverse communities. His targets are all concerned audiences with emphasis to fellow teachers. His article specifies twelve characteristics that he thinks are needed to have a successful school. He explains that since it is widely accepted that American education has been biased and racist, it is now time to move on and prepare a better future of education for all the children of the world. Rey A. Gomez. â€Å"Teaching with a Multicultural Perspective.† ERIC digest. Gomez explains that to teach with a multicultural perspective will encourage understanding and appreciation of one’s own culture, as well as others. He suggests that the use of this perspective in teaching could promote a sense of uniqueness and specialty to his own culture to the child and therefore making the child create a same sense of perspective when viewing other’s cultures. He also suggests that multicultural programs should not utterly focus on only the other’s cultures to the extent that a stereotype is created within the class. In his article, Morefield also reminds the parents of the children attending multicultural schools of the `myths’ that usually lead to the stereotype behaviors of their children toward multiculturalism. Wilson, Keith. â€Å"Multicultural Education.† EdChange. Wilson is an associate professor at the Pennsylvania State University. In his article, he gives a definition of Multicultural Education, and gives examples of the pros and cons of Multicultural Education. He cites some views from other writers to complement their views. He also gives a few suggestions on as to how a multicultural education program may succeed. Burnett, Gary. Varieties of Multicultural Education: An Introduction. ERIC Digest 98. Burnnet compares and contrast some of the programs that represent the current multicultural education typologies. He explains in his article some of the current programs that are currently being used to aid in multicultural education for the benefit of those who would like to create their own policies and or programs for the advancement of multicultural education. He cites some articles concerning debates about the effectiveness of some of the programs to back up his explanations. Milk, Robert-Mercado, Carmen-Sapiens, Alexandria. Rethinking the Education of Teachers of Language Minority Children: Developing Reflective Teachers for Changing Schools. NCBE Focus. The article’s main idea is how to make the teachers more ‘language minority students’ friendly. They wish to clarify and explain the roles of the teachers on the educational lives of the students. They cited several works of other people to further explain the importance of the teacher’s role in the political, demographic, and programmatic statuses of the schools that teach language minority students. They give suggestive guidelines for the teachers to help them in teaching language minority students. Attinasi, John. â€Å"Academic Achievement, Culture, and Literacy: An Introduction.† NCREL. He relates his own ideas and experiences to the audience to explain his, and other’s views about multicultural education. In this article, he introduces multiculturalism by relating it to his views of â€Å"closure† and â€Å"processes† and then states a few brief history of the evolution of multiculture. He then gives a few guidelines and information on how multiculturalism can imply changes on the way of teaching in a school with diversely cultured students. Gollnick, Donna M. – Chinn, Philip C. Multicultural Education for Exceptional Children. ERIC Digest #E498. Gollmick and Chinn stress the importance of multicultural education on the growing population of the U.S. in their article. They also give importance to the purposes of multiculturalism in the education world. They also stress the importance of the teacher’s roles and their curriculums on the multicultural students. and then they give suggestion on as to how to create a non-biased and effective curriculum for teachers, or for schools, who handle multiculturally diverse classes. Their article is a good preview of how important is the need for improvement of multiculture education. Cohen, Cheryl. Teaching about Ethnic Diversity. ERIC Digest No. 32. Cohen explains the importance of Ethnic Diversity as part of the curriculum to be used for students. He also gives stress to the effective procedures to be used in teaching Ethnic Diversity. Basically, it is an informative article that emphasizes the importance of Ethnic Diversity in a curriculum for students. Its main audiences are teachers and the vast American children of different ethnical backgrounds. Covert, Bob and Gorski, Paul. Defining Multicultural Education. EdChange Gorski and Covert give hints as to what does Multicultural Education really mean. They show that there is almost no two classrooms that has the same definition for Multicultural Education. Then they give examples of aspects of multicultural education. They state the importance of the definition on the possible transformations it could cause to the society. They also stated a possible goal of multicultural education which is to affect social change of the world. References: Attinasi, J. (1994). Academic Achievement, Culture, and Literacy: An Introduction. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from the NCREL database. Website: http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/educatrs/leadrshp/le0att.htm Burnnet, G. (1995). Varieties of Multicultural Education: An Introduction. ERIC Digest 98. ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education New York NY. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from the ERIC digest database. ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED372146. Website: http://www.ericdigests.org/1995-1/multicultural.htm Chinn, P. and Gollnick, D. (1991). Multicultural Education for Exceptional Children. ERIC Digest #E498. ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education New York NY. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from the ERIC digest database. ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED333620. Website: http://www.ericdigests.org/pre-9220/exceptional.htm Cohen, C. (1986). Teaching about Ethnic Diversity. ERIC Digest No. 32. ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education New York NY. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from the ERIC digest database. ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED273539. Website: http://www.thememoryhole.org/edu/eric/ed273539.html Covert, B. and Gorski, P. Defining Multicultural Education. EdChange. Retrieved August 8, 2007, from EdChange database. Website: http://www.edchange.org/multicultural/initial.html Gomez, R. (1991). Teaching with a Multicultural Perspective. ERIC Digest. ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education Urbana IL. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from the ERIC digest database. ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED339548. Website: http://www.ericdigests.org/1992-5/perspective.htm Hanley, M. S. (n.d.). The Scope of Multicultural Education. New Horizons for Learning. Retrieved August 8, 2007, from New Horizons for Learning. Website: http://www.newhorizons.org/strategies/multicultural/hanley.htm Milk, R.; Mercado, C.; Sapiens, A. (summer 1992). Number 6. NCBE FOCUS: Occasional Papers in Bilingual Education. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from NCBA database. Website: http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/pubs/focus/focus6.htm Morefield, J. (n.d.). Recreating Schools For All Children. New Horizons for Learning. Retrieved August 8, 2007, from New Horizons for Learning. Website: http://www.newhorizons.org/trans/morefield.htm Wilson,K. (n.d.). Multicultural Education. EdChange. Retrieved August 8, 2007, from EdChange database. Website: http://www.edchange.org/multicultural/papers/keith.html       How to cite An Annotated Bibliography on Multi-cultural Education, Essay examples

An Annotated Bibliography on Multi-cultural Education Free Essays

Mary Stone Hanley, a teacher in the Teacher Certification Program of Antioch University in Seattle, explains and elaborates some of the issues concerning multicultural education and gives a brief history of the subject as well as a few suggestions for its improvement in â€Å"The Scope of Multicultural Education†. She explains the ideals and goals of a multicultural approach to education and the possible ways of achieving them through citations of works from other people and of course, from herself.   The main targets of her article are the teachers concerned in teaching multicultural groups of students. We will write a custom essay sample on An Annotated Bibliography on Multi-cultural Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now Her article can also be used to inform other people about the subject of multicultural education. She is still continuing further researches for the development of multicultural education. John Morefield. â€Å"Recreating Schools For All Children.† New Horizons for Learning. John Morefield conducted extensive researches for the availability of good education for â€Å"all† children. When he became the principal of Hawthorne Elementary School in Seattle, Washington, he promised the community that entering kindergartners would graduate with skills at or above expected grade level competency. Thus his researches on what works in diverse communities. His targets are all concerned audiences with emphasis to fellow teachers. His article specifies twelve characteristics that he thinks are needed to have a successful school. He explains that since it is widely accepted that American education has been biased and racist, it is now time to move on and prepare a better future of education for all the children of the world. Rey A. Gomez. â€Å"Teaching with a Multicultural Perspective.† ERIC digest. Gomez explains that to teach with a multicultural perspective will encourage understanding and appreciation of one’s own culture, as well as others. He suggests that the use of this perspective in teaching could promote a sense of uniqueness and specialty to his own culture to the child and therefore making the child create a same sense of perspective when viewing other’s cultures. He also suggests that multicultural programs should not utterly focus on only the other’s cultures to the extent that a stereotype is created within the class. In his article, Morefield also reminds the parents of the children attending multicultural schools of the `myths’ that usually lead to the stereotype behaviors of their children toward multiculturalism. Wilson, Keith. â€Å"Multicultural Education.† EdChange. Wilson is an associate professor at the Pennsylvania State University. In his article, he gives a definition of Multicultural Education, and gives examples of the pros and cons of Multicultural Education. He cites some views from other writers to complement their views. He also gives a few suggestions on as to how a multicultural education program may succeed. Burnett, Gary. Varieties of Multicultural Education: An Introduction. ERIC Digest 98. Burnnet compares and contrast some of the programs that represent the current multicultural education typologies. He explains in his article some of the current programs that are currently being used to aid in multicultural education for the benefit of those who would like to create their own policies and or programs for the advancement of multicultural education. He cites some articles concerning debates about the effectiveness of some of the programs to back up his explanations. Milk, Robert-Mercado, Carmen-Sapiens, Alexandria. Rethinking the Education of Teachers of Language Minority Children: Developing Reflective Teachers for Changing Schools. NCBE Focus. The article’s main idea is how to make the teachers more ‘language minority students’ friendly. They wish to clarify and explain the roles of the teachers on the educational lives of the students. They cited several works of other people to further explain the importance of the teacher’s role in the political, demographic, and programmatic statuses of the schools that teach language minority students. They give suggestive guidelines for the teachers to help them in teaching language minority students. Attinasi, John. â€Å"Academic Achievement, Culture, and Literacy: An Introduction.† NCREL. He relates his own ideas and experiences to the audience to explain his, and other’s views about multicultural education. In this article, he introduces multiculturalism by relating it to his views of â€Å"closure† and â€Å"processes† and then states a few brief history of the evolution of multiculture. He then gives a few guidelines and information on how multiculturalism can imply changes on the way of teaching in a school with diversely cultured students. Gollnick, Donna M. – Chinn, Philip C. Multicultural Education for Exceptional Children. ERIC Digest #E498. Gollmick and Chinn stress the importance of multicultural education on the growing population of the U.S. in their article. They also give importance to the purposes of multiculturalism in the education world. They also stress the importance of the teacher’s roles and their curriculums on the multicultural students. and then they give suggestion on as to how to create a non-biased and effective curriculum for teachers, or for schools, who handle multiculturally diverse classes. Their article is a good preview of how important is the need for improvement of multiculture education. Cohen, Cheryl. Teaching about Ethnic Diversity. ERIC Digest No. 32. Cohen explains the importance of Ethnic Diversity as part of the curriculum to be used for students. He also gives stress to the effective procedures to be used in teaching Ethnic Diversity. Basically, it is an informative article that emphasizes the importance of Ethnic Diversity in a curriculum for students. Its main audiences are teachers and the vast American children of different ethnical backgrounds. Covert, Bob and Gorski, Paul. Defining Multicultural Education. EdChange Gorski and Covert give hints as to what does Multicultural Education really mean. They show that there is almost no two classrooms that has the same definition for Multicultural Education. Then they give examples of aspects of multicultural education. They state the importance of the definition on the possible transformations it could cause to the society. They also stated a possible goal of multicultural education which is to affect social change of the world. References: Attinasi, J. (1994). Academic Achievement, Culture, and Literacy: An Introduction. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from the NCREL database. Website: http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/educatrs/leadrshp/le0att.htm Burnnet, G. (1995). Varieties of Multicultural Education: An Introduction. ERIC Digest 98. ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education New York NY. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from the ERIC digest database. ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED372146. Website: http://www.ericdigests.org/1995-1/multicultural.htm Chinn, P. and Gollnick, D. (1991). Multicultural Education for Exceptional Children. ERIC Digest #E498. ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education New York NY. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from the ERIC digest database. ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED333620. Website: http://www.ericdigests.org/pre-9220/exceptional.htm Cohen, C. (1986). Teaching about Ethnic Diversity. ERIC Digest No. 32. ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education New York NY. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from the ERIC digest database. ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED273539. Website: http://www.thememoryhole.org/edu/eric/ed273539.html Covert, B. and Gorski, P. Defining Multicultural Education. EdChange. Retrieved August 8, 2007, from EdChange database. Website: http://www.edchange.org/multicultural/initial.html Gomez, R. (1991). Teaching with a Multicultural Perspective. ERIC Digest. ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education Urbana IL. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from the ERIC digest database. ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED339548. Website: http://www.ericdigests.org/1992-5/perspective.htm Hanley, M. S. (n.d.). The Scope of Multicultural Education. New Horizons for Learning. Retrieved August 8, 2007, from New Horizons for Learning. Website: http://www.newhorizons.org/strategies/multicultural/hanley.htm Milk, R.; Mercado, C.; Sapiens, A. (summer 1992). Number 6. NCBE FOCUS: Occasional Papers in Bilingual Education. Retrieved August 8, 2007 from NCBA database. Website: http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/pubs/focus/focus6.htm Morefield, J. (n.d.). Recreating Schools For All Children. New Horizons for Learning. Retrieved August 8, 2007, from New Horizons for Learning. Website: http://www.newhorizons.org/trans/morefield.htm Wilson,K. (n.d.). Multicultural Education. EdChange. Retrieved August 8, 2007, from EdChange database. Website: http://www.edchange.org/multicultural/papers/keith.html       How to cite An Annotated Bibliography on Multi-cultural Education, Essay examples

International Human Resource Management for Woolworths Group

Question: Discuss about theInternational Human Resource Management for Woolworths Group. Answer: The main aim of this task is to analyze and evaluate the culture shock in the organization. Woolworths group has been taken in the task to identify the causes of culture issues. It is one of the biggest retail companies in Australia which provides enormous products and services to customers across the world. Furthermore, it explains how Woolworths manages culture shock and also the paper depicts that how the firm motivates the workers to perform task and duties effectively. Culture shock is the biggest problem in the organization which influences goodwill of Woolworths adversely. Further details of the task have been stated below. Culture shock may be defined as an experience of a person may have when one moves to a cultural environment which is completely different from ones own (Furham, 2012). There are several causes of culture shock which influence the success and growth of the firm. The causes of cultural shock include unfamiliar rules for social interaction, different attitudes, expectation, strange environment and climate (Hemmasi Downes, 2013). There are enormous problems occurred due to culture shock such as language barrier, generation gap, skill interdependence, information overload, infinite regress, boredom and technology gap. There is no way to prevent and reduce cultural shock in the organization. Honeymoon, Adaptation, negotiation and adjustment are four phases of culture shock. Culture shock arises in many companies due to differences in foreign languages and cultures (Naranjo-Valencia, Jimnez-Jimnez Sanz-Valle, 2011). Woolworths group is a good example where culture shock raises effectively as it influence the progress of the firm. It is a major Australian company which was formed in 1924. Woolworths is the second biggest organization in Australia measured by revenue. The firm has approx 3,000 stores having 205,000 employees who serves more than 29 million customers across the world. The mission of the organization is to deliver best and unique quality of products to the customers. It will also help to gain competitive advantages in the marketplace. Apart from this, the firm uses effective and dynamic strategies to build good relations with its potential customers in the world. Culture shock plays a critical role in Woolworths group which helps to increase productivity and performance of the firm as well as employees. People come from different countries and they follow different and rules. As a result, culture shock problem arises in the organization (Woolworths group, 2018). No company can survi ve its business activities and operations without knowing and understanding the culture of different countries. . HRM plays an important role to reduce and prevent cultural differences within the organization. HRM makes different policies and strategies which could help to manage the difference of culture (Hong, 2013). Various policies and practices are initiated by HRM in the organization to deal with culture shock that has been stated below. Appropriate expatriate recruitment: The selection of future expatriates is an important function of HRM that should be performed in the organization effectively and successfully. It helps to measure and identify the professional and technical skills within the organization. It is an effective policy of HRM to prevent culture shock widely. There are various elements that need to be taken into consideration before sending a worker foreign that are very difficult to evaluate accurately and effectively. Therefore, the firm should focus on the recruitment and selection methods to appoint suitable and potential candidates in the organization. It will help to reduce culture differences in foreign countries (Santoso Loosemore 2013). Training and development coaching: Training and development coaching is an effective practice of HRM which helps to improve and enhance the performance and productivity of the employees. Along with this, to reduce culture shock the HRM needs to monitor the activities and operations of the workers. Woolworths group conducts enormous training and development coaching programs to know and understand the language of the different nations. Also it will help to manage culture issues and challenges within the organization (Mendenhall, Arnardottir, Oddou Burke, 2013). An expatriates qualification profile: Characteristics and traits have been recognized as predictors of expatriates success and progress. These characteristics and traits include technical ability, cultural empathy, diplomacy, language ability, managerial skills, emotional stability and maturity. There are 8 dimension of cultural shock which includes ethnocentrism, intellectual experience, behavioral flex, cognitive flex, general intercultural knowledge, specific intellectual knowledge, adequate behavior, and interpersonal skills (Passmore, 2013). Create a welcoming Kit: HRM should implement and initiate a policy of giving welcoming kits to new workers. These kits include plants for their desk, silly calendars, and photo frames. It will help to motivate and encourage the workers for doing work in a hassle free manner. Also, it will help to eliminate culture differences in the organization. Set daily tasks ahead of time: HRM should set daily tasks and duties to manage culture shock and to manage customs differences effectively. If HRM sets tasks and duties of the employees then they can easily understand assign tasks and duties. Therefore, culture shock issue will not arise in the firm. Along with this, Woolworths can easily overcome the competitors by assigning proper task and duties to the workers. Hofstede cross cultural dimension model: This model is used and initiated by HRM to manage and deal with cross cultural issues at the marketplace. This model includes individualism, collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, power distance and masculinity femininity (Bird Mendenhall, 2016). Bridge the gap through mentorship: There should be a gap between the young workers and older workers. If this gap contributes to new workers culture shock, it needs to be counteracted. Thus, a system of mentorship should be implemented between new employees and management to reduce culture shock issues. Mentorship plays a vital role to manage culture shock effectively and efficiently. Also, it will help to learn desires, requirements and expectations of the organization. Implement an ambassador: It is an effective and important practice performed by HRM in Woolworths. The ambassador can act as a liaison between the new hire and other workers, introduce the new workers to coworkers and work side by side with the new employees until they are adjusted to the environment. Induction programs: It is one of the significant practices that are being performed by HRM in Woolworths. Induction programs are an effective and dynamic way to familiarize new workers with office policies including HR policies, work timings, account policies, performance, leave policies and appraisals. It is a perfect and unique eye opener to manage culture differences among new employees. The induction programs also help to improve and enhance the knowledge, skills and experience of the expatriates. It will also reduce cross cultural issues in the competitive market. All these policies and practices are used and initiated by HRM to control and manage culture shock. All these practices and policies also help to know and understand the needs, preferences and choices of the customers in the rivalry market. Along with this, effective and unique HR policies and practices are also important to attain desired goals and objectives (Kelly Moogan, 2012). On the above mentioned analysis, it can be concluded that culture shock is a major challenge and issue for Woolworths which can affect the financial position of the firm in the marketplace. Along with this, it may also influence the profit and revenue of the organization. To eliminate culture shock, HRM plays a empirical role in each and every organization. Woolworths maintains sustainable human resource department to handle cross cultural issues in the workplace. Now it is recommended that the company should motivate and inspire the new workers to understand and know the culture of other countries successfully. References Bird, A., Mendenhall, M. E. (2016). From cross-cultural management to global leadership: Evolution and adaptation.Journal of World Business,51(1), 115-126. Furham, A. (2012). Culture shock.Revista de Psicologa de la Educacin,7. Hemmasi, M., Downes, M. (2013). Cultural distance and expatriate adjustment revisited.Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research,1(1), 72-91. Hong, Y. Y. (2013). A dynamic constructivist approach to culture: Moving from describing culture to explaining culture. InUnderstanding Culture(pp. 18-38). Psychology Press. Kelly, P., Moogan, Y. (2012). Culture shock and higher education performance: Implications for teaching.Higher Education Quarterly,66(1), 24-46. Mendenhall, M. E., Arnardottir, A. A., Oddou, G. R., Burke, L. A. (2013). Developing cross-cultural competencies in management education via cognitive-behavior therapy.Academy of Management Learning Education,12(3), 436-451. Naranjo-Valencia, J. C., Jimnez-Jimnez, D., Sanz-Valle, R. (2011). Innovation or imitation? The role of organizational culture.Management Decision,49(1), 55-72. Passmore, J. (Ed.). (2013).Diversity in coaching: Working with gender, culture, race and age. Kogan Page Publishers. Santoso, J., Loosemore, M. (2013). Expatriate management in Australian multinational enterprises.Construction Management and Economics,31(11), 1098-1109. Woolworthsgroup.(2018).Aboutus[Online].Availableat: https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/page/about-us. [ Accessed as on 1st April 2018).

Qualities of a Councelor and Change in Counselings Standards Essay Example

Qualities of a Councelor and Change in Counselings Standards Paper The counseling profession has experienced a great deal of change, especially during the 1990s. Several of those changes occurred in 1992; these include the changing of the AACDs name to the ACA (American Counseling Association), the adding of counseling as a primary mental health profession into the health care human resource statistics of the Center for Mental Health Services and National Institute of Mental Health, and the writing of the multicultural counseling standards and competencies, which was done by Sue Arredondo and McDavies. Another major change that occurred in the 1990s was the inclusion of counselors as providers for managed health care organizations. Two of the major trends being faced by counselors in the new century include having to serve an increasing number of clients recovering from violence, crisis situations, and trauma, and helping clients cope with loneliness and isolation. The negative characteristics of the first trend are that crisis situations and acts of violence have become more deadly and prevalent in society since the 1990s, examples of these being the Columbine massacre and the 9/11 terrorist attacks, and incidences of post-traumatic stress disorder have also become prevalent as a result of these terrible events. We will write a custom essay sample on Qualities of a Councelor and Change in Counselings Standards specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Qualities of a Councelor and Change in Counselings Standards specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Qualities of a Councelor and Change in Counselings Standards specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The positive characteristics to emerge from this trend are that counselors have begun receiving specialized training in crisis counseling in order to better serve clients, and they have been able to develop practical and well-focused action plans and strategies towards helping clients of all ages to recover. The negative characteristic of the second trend is that more individuals today are experiencing extreme loneliness and isolation than ever before. The positive characteristic is that counseling relationships have helped these individuals significantly overcome their loneliness. For their part, counselors can rise to the challenge by realizing how important they are in their clients lives and by coming to regard their profession as a calling that they are willingly answering. The five most important qualities a counselor should possess are to have the ability to listen because clients more often desire to be listened to than to be spoken to, to display empathy and understanding in order to show clients that the counselor realizes the gravity of their situation, to display emotional insightfulness so that one can tolerate and expect all types of emotions to come forth, to have the ability for self-denial so that one learns to take care of others before treating ones own needs, and to possess tolerance of intimacy which is essential since most counselor-client relationships are often long-term and very personal. In order to improve themselves professionally throughout their careers counselors must first realize that competency within the profession is directly related to how they function on a personal level. Due to this counselors should become self-aware of their personalities and attitudes, learn from their own emotional experiences while maintaining emotional stability and maturity, successfully integrate whatever counseling techniques and knowledge they acquired into their own lives, and learn to prevent or treat stress and burnout on the job. The developmental/wellness approach emphasizes that people engage in certain patterns of behavior through the various ongoing developmental stages in life. Counselors using this approach, therefore, would view a client based upon which stage his/her problem is emanating from. Oftentimes, these counselors believe that behaviors that are suitable for one stage may not be so for another. In contrast a counselor who abides by the medical/pathology approach would view a client based upon what symptoms, listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, of psychological problems he/she displays. Another point of comparison reveals that both do share the notion that external environmental and social factors must be taken into consideration when diagnosing and treating clients problems. The benefits of ethical codes are that they can serve as guidelines for helping counselors to arrive at solutions to ethical dilemmas, they demonstrate the increasing level of professionalism that the field of counseling has recently experienced, and they keep counselors liable for any misfired attempts towards solving ethical dilemmas without consulting the codes first. The limitations of these codes are that they cannot resolve certain issues, are often unenforceable, contradictions may exist within the codes, legal and ethical codes may come into conflict, and they often do not address cross-cultural issues, among other things. For making ethical decisions counselors can use the codes listed by the professional counseling associations to which they belong to and consult with colleagues, legal professionals, casebooks, or principles. There are three instances in which a counselor may be sued for malpractice; the first one is when a counselor may have to face civil liability malpractice suits for supposed invasion of privacy. The second instance of a counselor facing a civil liability malpractice suit is when a counselor is accused of defamation. The third instance of a counselor facing a malpractice suit, this time for criminal liability, is when he/she is accused of serving as an accessory to a crime. The steps that counselors can take in order to avoid malpractice suits are to familiarize themselves with those elements of the law that are shared by both the mental health and legal professions, to recognize those elements of the law that are not to be found in the mental health culture, to continuously review the ethical codes of the professional counseling associations, and finally to consult with colleagues and legal professionals over ways to overcome certain ethical-legal dilemmas.

How to Apply Texas Essay Examples

How to Apply Texas Essay ExamplesIf you are trying to improve your grades in the class, you will want to start applying Texas essay examples in class. A great way to do this is to write down as many essays as you can. Doing this will give you a better idea of what others are writing.Many students like to look at the sample papers, and they know that these samples will help them see what to write and how to write it. But there are some that don't take advantage of this kind of thing. When you look at the same essay and wonder how to write it, there are a few tips you should keep in mind when you want to apply Texas essay examples.To begin with, you will need to be a good writer. This means that you should be able to express yourself clearly in a clear and concise manner. Also, you should be able to describe yourself and your experiences in an interesting way. You will be spending about an hour a week on this and having the ability to do this well will go a long way towards improving y our grades.You will also want to learn how to draft a good essay. This means that you should really be able to be the first one to put the ideas together. Of course, the teacher will certainly be thinking about this and he or she will be looking for ways to help you when you do this in class.This will involve looking at many different essay examples. It is very important that you know exactly what these students are doing. And if you know what other students are doing, you will know how to do the same thing.Just as you wouldn't be too sure about an essay without using a sample, you will need to do the same thing when you are trying to apply essayexamples. You will be given several essay examples and you will need to make sure that you use each one. You won't want to spend too much time trying them all because this will make it more difficult for you to see how they are done.A sample paper is not just something that you can throw together and hope that it comes out well. It is usuall y a very well written piece that was written by someone who knows what they are doing. It will be easy for you to see the way in which the student wrote the essay.Sometimes it helps to use the word of mouth of someone that is working for a student. The teacher will know how a student plans out an essay and will be able to tell you how he or she will do the same thing with yours. Just keep this in mind when you are looking at how to apply texas essay examples.